Rufous Songlark
英文名：Rufous Songlark（学名：Cincloramphus mathewsi），是雀形目蝗莺科的鸟类。雄鸟19厘米，雌鸟16-17厘米。雄鸟大于雌鸟：两性均具明显的棕红色腰部和尾上覆羽。雄鸟，繁殖期：喙黑色；微具深色眼线；浅黄褐色眉纹；翼羽具网状花纹；下体灰浅黄褐色，具模糊斑点或纵纹构成的领饰。鸣唱时雄鸟露出黑色口腔内膜（雌鸟为粉色）。雄鸟，非繁殖期：似雌鸟。雌鸟：喙灰褐色，两侧较浅；缺少深色眼线；注意淡色眉纹与喉部，棕红色腰部与尾上覆羽。尾羽中褐色，不具白色边缘；羽端尖。单只或松散小群。雄鸟领域行为显著，吸引雌鸟前来交配并在其领域内或附近筑巢。其余时候安静，极易被忽略；在草丛和灌木、树木枝叶间悄然穿行。
Rufous Songlark
Male 19 cm, female 16-17 cm. Male larger than female: in both sexes note distinctly rufous rump and uppertail-coverts. Male, breeding: bill black; slight dark eyeline; pale fawn eyebrow; netted pattern to wing feathers; underparts greyish fawn with slight necklet of spots/streaks. Singing, male shows black mouth-lining (female pink). Male, Non-breeding: like female. Female: bill grey-brown, paler on sides; lacks dark eyeline; note pale eyebrow/throat, rufous rump/uppertail-coverts. Tail mid-brown, without white edges; feathers pointed. Singles or loose flocks. Male territorial behaviour conspicuous, attracting females to mate and build nests in or near his territory. Otherwise quiet, easily missed; moves unobtrusively through grass and foliage of shrubs, trees.
- Similar Species
- Brown Songlark, female. Australian Pipit. White-winged Triller, female.
- Voice
- male song has sweet, splintered, ventriloquial quality; begins with clear loud trill, develops into full, loud ringing refrain, sweet, high-pitched and strong 'a-witchy-weedle', repeated; uttered from high perches in territory, e.g. large dead or live tree, telephone wires, and in flight between such high points or while descending to ground. Also scolding rattle; alarm call, sharp 'tik'.
- Habitat
- open grassy woodlands/scrublands; with dead and living trees.
- Breeding
- Sept.-Dec.
- Nest
- deep cup of grasses; in depression or in shelter of tussock.
- Eggs
- 3-4; white, speckled reddish, mostly at large end.
- Range & Status
- widespread across mainland Aust. except n. C. York Pen. (Q); driest, treeless deserts, heavy forests and closely settled coastal regions. Patchy, irregular e. and s. of Gt Divide. Migratory, moving s. in spring to breed, n. in autumn. Winter visitor to n. Aust., but many overwinter inland. Breeds mostly in se. Aust. s. inland of Gt Divide, and in coastal/sub-coastal WA s. of Tropic. Uncommon to seasonally common.
