Magpie-lark

Magpie-lark

CommonGBIF 2.9·Dongniao Rarity Index7.05

Grallina cyanoleuca· 王鹟科· Passeriformes

英文名:Magpie-lark(学名:Grallina cyanoleuca),是雀形目王鹟科鹊鹩属的鸟类。别称: 泥百灵、泥巢鸟,黑白色,分布于澳洲和新几内亚南部。雄鸟头部、喉部黑色,雌鸟前额和喉部白色,幼鸟纹路介于两者之间。体长25-30厘米,常见于近水地区,以昆虫等无脊椎动物为食。

Species Profile

IOC World Bird List

Magpie-lark

Grallina cyanoleuca· Monarchs

26-30 cm. Now regarded as a giant monarch flycatcher, but because often seen skirmishing with Australian Magpie, and linked by association of names, they are grouped together here. Male: bill white; eye yellowish white; legs black; head/breast-patch black; prominent white eyebrow and broad white panel down side of neck below eye. Female: forehead/throat white; broad black band from crown down through eye to black breastband. Immature: bill and eye dark; pattern differs - brownish black of forehead/crown/nape extends in band down through eye to black breastband, leaving white throat. Pairs, family parties, loose autumn-winter flocks. Noisy, demonstrative, particularly before roosting. Males may hold territories throughout year, frequently skirmishing with neighbouring pairs, magpies, raptors. Forages on ground, walks with back-and-forward head movement; wades. In flight, rounded wings make lapping strokes; flutters, lifts, dodges lightly. Calls on wing while flying with exaggerated, catchy wingbeats. Note white tail with broad subterminal black band pointing up centre. Birds in n. Aust. smaller.

Other name
Little or Murray Magpie; Mudlark; Peewee; Peewit.
Similar Species
White-winged Triller: smaller; bill/head black; underparts white. Pied Butcherbird: robust, hooked bill; hood black; longish tail black with large white corners.
Voice
mated pairs duet; one bird utters loud, metallic 'knee-deep', immediately answered antiphonally by the other, 'tee-o-wee', 'pee-o-wit'; with rhythmically opening wings, spread tails. Liquid, mellow 'cloop, cloop, cloop' or 'clue-weet, clue-weet'. Alarm-call: brassy, strident, emphatic 'tee! tee! tee!'.
Habitat
virtually anywhere there are trees and mud for nest-building; trees by rivers/wetlands; widespread in urban areas; absent from dense forests, waterless deserts.
Breeding
Aug.-Nov.; almost any month after rain in arid and n. Aust.
Nest
frequently near that of Willie Wagtail and/or White-winged Triller; bowl-shaped, of mud, bound with grass; lined with hair, grass, feathers; on horizontal branch 6-15 m high, often over water or on artificial structure.
Eggs
3-5; white/pale pink; spotted, blotched reddish, purplish brown, violet.
Range & Status
Aust. and coastal islands, e.g. Kangaroo I. (SA), Lord Howe I.; casual Bass Strait islands; vagrant n. and e. Tas. Common, often abundant. Sedentary, nomadic; winter migration to Top End (NT), C. York Pen. (Q). Also s. PNG; Timor.
Distribution key to races
1. Grallina cyanoleuca neglecta 2. Grallina cyanoleuca cyanoleuca