Hardhead
英文名：Hardhead（学名：Aythya australis），是雁形目鸭科潜鸭属的鸟类。身长42-59厘米，体重可达1100克。其别称白眼鸭源于雄鸟的显著白色眼睛。羽毛呈均匀的巧克力棕色，腹部白色，翼下有白色与棕色边缘相间的特征。分布于澳大利亚东南部及沿海湿润地区，偶尔在干旱或繁殖季节后广泛分散，甚至远至新西兰和太平洋岛屿。
Hardhead
45-60 cm; span to 70 cm. Compact, rich-mahogany diving duck with largish, high-crowned head. Male: eye white; bill blackish, tip crossed by blue-white band; 'stern' white. Female: paler brown; eye dark; bill blue-grey; throat whitish. Immature: like female. Singles, pairs, to rafts of thousands: feeds on surface, in shallows, and in deeper water. Dives smoothly, submerges 20-30 seconds, emerges swimming rapidly; body slopes rearwards. Flight swift, with shallow flickering of slender, rear-set wings: note flashing translucent white trailing edge to wing, white underwings and belly.
- Other name
- White-eyed Duck.
- Similar Species
- see Blue-billed Duck.
- Voice
- male: soft wheezy whistle; female: harsh rattle.
- Habitat
- deep, permanent wetlands; large open waters; brackish coastal swamps; farm dams, ornamental lakes, sewage ponds.
- Breeding
- Aug.-Dec. (se. Aust.).
- Nest
- neat, well-woven cup of stems, with canopy; in reeds, cumbungi, lignum, waterside bush, stump, bole of swamp tree.
- Eggs
- 9-12; creamy white.
- Range & Status
- Aust. and Tas. in suitable habitat. Breeds in mainland e., se. and sw. Aust., dispersing to n. Aust., Tas. and far inland, except w. deserts, after good rains. Irregular to Indonesia, PNG, Pacific Is. and NZ. Dispersive and irruptive.
