Great Crested Grebe
英文名：Great Crested Grebe（学名：Podiceps cristatus），是䴙䴘目䴙䴘科䴙䴘属的鸟类。俗称: 张八狗或水老鸹，是䴙䴘中体型最大的物种之一，身长约50厘米，姿态优雅。其特征为修长的颈部，深色的羽冠，下体接近白色，上体纯灰褐色。繁殖期成鸟颈背呈栗色，颈项具有鬃毛状的装饰性羽毛。脸部侧面白色延伸过眼睛，嘴型细长。分布于温带欧亚大陆、非洲东北部至南部、澳大利亚及新西兰南岛。
Great Crested Grebe
48-61 cm. Largest grebe. Fine sharp bill and slender, silvery white neck in all plumages. Breeding Plumage: chestnut and black neck-frill; white face; pointed black 'crests'. In autumn-winter, frill and 'crests' reduced. Juvenile: striped black and white head and neck. Immature: grey above, white face and slender neck without frill or crests. Pairs; autumn-winter companies on larger lakes, sheltered bays. Swims strongly, diving often; swift underwater. Flight low; neck low-hung; rapidly beating shallow-flickering wings show much white. In mating display sexes face up, shake heads, dive.
- Voice
- guttural 'kar-arr', shrill 'er-wick'; trumpeting, moaning, whirring noises.
- Habitat
- lakes, larger lagoons and swamps, reservoirs, floodwaters, bays, inlets.
- Breeding
- Aug.-Feb. in large, well-vegetated wetlands.
- Nest
- mass of water plants and mud, anchored or resting on submerged stump on bank, or on island. Sometimes loosely colonial.
- Eggs
- 3-5; glossy, green-white, limy and stained.
- Range & Status
- Aust. and Tas.: irregular through inland; rare tropical n. Aust. Also Eurasia, Africa (but not Indonesia, Borneo, PNG). Sedentary, nomadic.
- Distribution key to races
- 1. Podiceps cristatus australis
